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References

1. Center on Alcohol Marketing and Youth (CAMY). Television Alcohol Ads Bombarding Teens Continue to Rise. Washington, DC: Center on Alcohol and Youth press release. The Center on Alcohol marketing and Youth prefers not to provide research reports but rather summaries and press releases. This is characteristic of organizations that are activist rather than scientific in nature.

2.See, for example, Alcohol Advertising http://www2.potsdam.edu/alcohol-info/Advertising.html

3. National Survey on Drug Use and Health. 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables. Table 2.2B. Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Lifetime, Past Year and Past Month among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Percentages, 2002. The National Survey on Drug Use and Health was formerly called the National Household Survey of Drug Abuse.

4. Higher Education Research Center/American Council on Education. American College Freshman College Survey. Political Interest on the Rebound Among Nation’s Freshmen, UCLA Survey Reveals. Higher Education Research Institute/American Council on Education press release, 1-26-04.

5. Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G. and Schulenberg, J. E. Monitoring the Future national Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2006. Volume I, Secondary School Students. Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2007. 669 pages. (NIH Publication No. 07-6205).

Readings

Center for Alcohol Marketing and Youth. Radio Daze: Alcohol Ads Tune In Underage Youth. Washington, DC: Center for Alcohol Marketing and Youth, 2003.

Center for Alcohol Marketing and Youth. Television: Alcohol's Vast Adland. Washington, DC: Center for Alcohol Marketing and Youth, 2002.

Center for Alcohol Marketing and Youth. Out of Control: Alcohol Advertising Taking Aim at America's Youth. Washington, DC: Center for Alcohol Marketing and Youth, 2002.

Connolly, G. M., Casswell, S., Zhang, J-F., and Silva, P. A. Alcohol in the mass media and drinking by adolescents: A longitudinal study. Addiction, 1994, 89, 1255-1263.

Crawford, C. T., and Gramm, W. L. K. Cover memo to Omnibus Petition for Regulation of Unfair and Deceptive Alcoholic Beverage Advertising and Marketing Practices, Docket No. 209-46. Washington, DC: Federal Trade Commission, March 6, 1985, p. 2.

Fisher, J.C. Advertising, Alcohol Consumption and Abuse: A Worldwide Survey. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood, 1993.

Frankena, M., Cohen, M., Daniel, T., Ehrlich, L., Greenspun, N., and Kelman, D. Alcohol Advertising, Consumption and Abuse. In: Federal Trade Commission. Recommendations of the Staff of the Federal Trade Commission: Omnibus Petition for Regulation of Unfair and Deceptive Alcoholic Beverage Marketing Practices, Docket No. 209-46. Washington, DC: Federal Trade Commission, 1985.

Moskowitz, Joel M. The primary prevention of alcohol problems: A critical review of the research literature. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 1989, 50, 54-88, p. 59.

Nelson, Jon P. Broadcast Advertising and U. S. Demand for Alcoholic Beverages. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University, 1977.

Nelson, Jon P. and Moran, J. R. Advertising and U. S. alcoholic beverage demand: a growth-accounting analysis. Empirical Economics, 1995, 22, 1-20.

Ogbourne, A. C., and Smart, R. G. Will restrictions on alcohol advertising reduce alcohol consumption? The British Journal of Addiction, 1980, 75, 296-298.

Pittman, David J., and Lambert, M. Dow. Alcohol, Alcoholism and Advertising. St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Social Science Institute, 1978, p. 28.

Sanders, James. Alcohol Advertisements Do Not Encourage Alcohol Abuse Among Teens. In: Wekesser, Carol (ed.) Alcoholism. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1994. Pp. 132-135, p. 133.

Shoup, Harold, and Dobday, Christine. Alcohol Advertising Restrictions without Due Cause. In: Engs, Ruth C. (ed.) Controversies in the Addictions Field. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt, 1990. Pp. 130-135, p. 131.

Smart, Reginald G. The Impact of Prevention Measures: An Examination of Research Findings. In: Institute of Medicine. Legislative Approaches to Prevention of Alcohol-Related Problems: An Inter-American Workshop - Proceedings. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1982. Pp. 224-246.

Smart, Reginald G. Does alcohol advertising affect overall consumption? A review of empirical studies. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 1988, 49, 314-323.

Smart, R. G., and Cutler, R. E. The alcohol advertising ban in British Columbia: Problems and effects on beverage consumption. The British Journal of Addiction. 1976, 7, 13-21.

U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. Seventh Special Report to the U. S. Congress on Alcohol and Health. Rockville, MD: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1990.

Whitehead, P. Is Advertising Effective? Implications for Public Health Policy. In: Rush, Brian, and Ogborne, Allan C. (Eds.) Evaluation Research in the Canadian Addictions Field. Ottawa, Ontario: Health and Welfare Canada, 1983. Pp. 32-33.

Wilcox, G. B., Franke, G. R., and Vacker, B. Alcohol Beverage Advertising and Consumption in the United States: 1964-1984. Austin, TX: University of Texas, Department of Advertising Working Paper, January, 1986, p. III.