References
1. Edell, D. Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Healthiness. NY: HarperCollins, 2004, p.488.
2. Peele, Stanton. Should physicians recommend alcohol to their patients? Priorities, 1996, 8(2), 24-28.
3. The American Dietetic Association points out that the facts of alcohol beverage equivalence "are emphasized by the federal government and numerous public health organizations including Nation Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Departments of Transportation and Health and Human Services, National Consumers League, National Council of Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, and Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD)" (American Dietetic Association, Nutrition Fact Sheet: Moderate Consumption of Distilled Spirits and Other Beverage Alcohol in an Adult Diet. Chicago, Illinois: American Dietetic Association, 2001, p.1). See also Alcohol Equivalence (http://www2.potsdam.edu/hansondj/AlcoholEquivalence.html)
4. International Center for Alcohol Policies (ICAP). International Drinking Guidelines. (ICAP Reports #14). December 2003.
5. International Center for Alcohol Policies (ICAP). International Drinking Guidelines. (ICAP Reports #14). December 2003, p. 8 and current issue of National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). Physicians’ Guide to Helping Patients with Alcohol Problems.
6. Alcohol has benefits, but not or everyone. Long Beach Press-Telegraph, January 2, 2005.
7. Sacco, R. L., Elkind, M., Boden-Albala, B., Lin, I-F., Kargman, D. E., Hauser. W. A., Shea, S., & Paik, M. C. The Protective Effect of Moderate Alcohol Consumption on Ischemic Stroke, Journal of the American Medical Association, 1999, 281, 53-60.
8. Mulkamal, K.J., et al. Prospective study of alcohol consumption and risk of dementia in older adults. Journal of the American Medical Association, 2003 (March 19), 289, 1405-1413.
9. Carlsson, S., et al. Alcohol consumption and the incidence of type 2 diabetes: a 20-year follow-up of the Finnish Twin Cohort Study. Diabetes Care, 2003, 26(10), 2785-2786.
10. Power, C., et al. U-shaped relation for alcohol consumption and health in early adulthood and implications for mortality. The Lancet, 1998, 352, 9131.
11. Dr. Eric Rimm of Harvard School of Pubic Health, quoted by John Fauber, Experts reluctant to endorse health benefits of alcohol, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, January 24, 2005.
Readings
Camargo, C.A., et al. Prospective study of moderate alcohol consumption and mortality in US male physicians. Archives of Internal Medicine, 1997, 157, 79-85.
Coate, D. Moderate drinking and coronary heart disease mortality: Evidence from NHANES I and NHANES I follow-up. American Journal of Public Health,1993, 83(6), 888-890.
Doll, R., and Peto, R. Mortality in relation to consumption of alcohol: 13 years' observations on male British doctors. British Medical Journal, 1994, 309, 911-918.
Edell, D. Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Healthiness. NY: HarperCollins, 2004.
Edell, D. Eat, Drink and be Merry: America’s Doctor Tells You Why the Health Experts are Wrong. NY: HarperCollins, 1999.
Ellison, R. C. Does Moderate Alcohol Consumption Prolong Life? New York: American Council on Science and Health, 1993
Ford, G. The Science of Healthy Drinking. San Francisco, CA: Wine Appreciation Guild, 2004.
Ford, G. The Benefits of Moderate Drinking: Alcohol, Health and Society. San Francisco, CA: Wine Appreciation Guild, 1988.
Ford, G. The French Paradox & Drinking for Health. San Francisco, CA: Wine Appreciation Guild, 1993.
Fox, B. To Your Health: the Healing Power of Alcohol. Diane Publishing, 2000.
Fuchs, C.S., et al. Alcohol consumption and mortality among women. The New England Journal of Medicine, 1995, 332(19), 1245-1250.
Gilson, C. and Bennett, V. Alcohol and Women: Creating a Safer Lifestyle. Irving, TX: Fusion Press, 2001.
Hellerstedt, W. L., et al. The association between alcohol intake and adiposity in the general population. American Journal of Epidemiology, 1990, 132(4), 594-611.
Hennekens, C.H.. Alcohol and Risk of coronary Events. In: National on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Alcohol and the Cardiovascular System. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1996.
Kahn, H. S., et al. Stable behaviors associated with adults' 10-year change in body mass index and the likelihood of gain at the waist. American Journal of Public Health, 1997, 87(5), 747-754.
Kowalski, R.E. The New 8-Week Cholesterol Cure. NY: HarperCollins, 2002.
Liu, S., et al. A prospective study of alcohol intake and change in body weight among US adults. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1994, 140(10), 912-920.
MacDonald, E. (Ed.) Health Issues Related to Alcohol Consumption. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science, 1999.
Manson, J.E., et al. Prevention of Myocardial Infarction. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
Peele, S., and Grant, M. Alcohol and Pleasure: A Health Perspective. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner/Mazel, 1999.
Perdue, L., and Shoemaker, W. The French Paradox and Beyond. Sonoma, CA: Renaissance Publishing, 1992.
Razy, G., et al. Alcohol consumption and its relation to cardiovascular risk factors in British women. British Medical Journal, 1992, 304, 80-83.
Rimm, E., et al. Prospective study of alcohol consumption and risk of coronary disease in med. The Lancet, 1991, 338, 464-468.
Stuttaford, T. To Your Good Health! The Wise Drinkers Guide. London: Faber & Faber, 1997.
Willett, W. C. with the assistance of others. Eat, Drink, and be Healthy: The Harvard Medical School Guide to Healthy Eating. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001, p. 17. The alternative US Department of Agriculture food pyramid was first developed before much of our current nutritional information was available, reflects the strong influence of agricultural producers, and is highly over-simplified. The Harvard food Pyramid is free of all those shortcomings.
